How a rabble rouser with fake rosary beads stirred up sectarian violence against Liverpool's Irish Catholics

David Swift's book, "Scouse Republic," explores how Liverpool, which initially avoided religious conflicts, saw rising tensions due to an influx of Irish immigrants after 1800. This led to heightened anti-Catholic sentiment and sparked the first Catholic-Protestant riot in 1819, indicating a significant shift in the social fabric of the city. The resulting violence and confrontations were noted as chronic and deep-set, likened to the sectarian struggles in Belfast, and transformed Liverpool's dynamics deeply, highlighting historical grievances persisting in urban relations.

"Liverpool's religious disputes were minimal until the influx of Irish immigrants post-1800 reignited anti-Catholic sentiment and led to tensions between communities."

"The first Catholic-Protestant riot erupted in 1819, marking a pivotal moment in Liverpool's religious history and deepening divisions within the city."

Read at Independent