"There's a good reason that many developers pause before using .sort(), .reverse(), or .splice() in JavaScript: those methods mutate the original array. That single side effect can lead to subtle, hard-to-trace bugs, especially in apps with shared or reactive state. The good news is that in the last couple of years we've gotten new array methods that make working with arrays safer and cleaner by avoiding mutation altogether: These return copies instead of changing the original array."
"In JavaScript, traditional methods like .sort(), .reverse(), and .splice() mutate the array they're called on: const numbers = [3, 1, 2]; numbers.sort(); // Mutates the array 😬 console.log(numbers); // [1, 2, 3] In frameworks like React, this can lead to unexpected behavior when updating state, because mutating arrays directly doesn't trigger re-renders. Comparing old vs. new These new methods behave similarly to their mutating counterparts, but return a new array instead of modifying the original."
JavaScript's traditional array methods like .sort(), .reverse(), and .splice() mutate the original array and can introduce subtle bugs in shared or reactive state. ES2023 introduced non-mutating alternatives such as toSorted, toReversed, and toSpliced that return new arrays instead of modifying the original. These methods preserve familiar behavior and accept the same arguments, including custom compare functions. The returned arrays are shallow copies, so objects inside arrays remain the same references. Using non-mutating methods reduces side effects and helps frameworks like React detect state changes and trigger re-renders. Developers should adopt these methods to write safer, more predictable array operations.
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