Recursion can be complex due to the need for 3D thinking, as it requires consideration of both input/output parameters and call depth.
Recursive algorithms like those that calculate x raised to n require a base case to avoid infinite recursion; typically, this is when n=0.
The Minimax algorithm uses recursion to evaluate game moves, creating a look-ahead tree to determine the best possible move for players.
Effective recursive algorithms maintain separation between parent methods and child calls, minimizing complications by avoiding shared object instances.
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