"Construction of tidal irrigation systems helped to drive the formation of city states some 5,000 years ago."
"Shifting tides along the coast of the ancient region called Mesopotamia might have spurred the rise of the world's oldest civilization."
Construction of tidal irrigation systems helped drive the formation of city-states some 5,000 years ago. Shifting tides along the Mesopotamian coast provided a regular water source that could be harnessed for agriculture. Tidal irrigation increased crop yields and supported larger, denser populations. Building and maintaining these systems required coordinated labor, planning, and resource management. Those organizational demands fostered centralized control, social stratification, and sustained urban settlement growth, creating conditions conducive to early state formation and the rise of complex civilization in the region.
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