Refugee concern about xenophobia increased markedly from around one-third in 2019 to 54% in 2023. Feelings of being welcome fell from 84% in 2017 to 65% in 2023, with an intermediate drop to 78% in 2020. Discrimination was most often linked to ethnicity, language, or names. Reported disadvantages were strongest in housing searches (32%), job applications (18%), and workplace experiences (14%). Respondents who applied for asylum or temporary protection between 2013 and September 2022 were surveyed annually between 2017 and 2023. Higher discrimination rates occurred in eastern Germany, with eastern men facing especially pronounced housing and employment obstacles. A sharp increase in citizenship applications and naturalizations was also reported.
Researchers asked refugees: "Do you feel welcome in Germany today?" According to the DIW study, only 65% of respondents said they felt welcome in 2023, compared to 84% in 2017. The figure had already fallen to 78% in 2020, according to the study. More than half of those surveyed in 2023 (54%) expressed some or great concern about xenophobia. In 2019, this figure was still around one in three people.
Many of those surveyed said that discrimination was most often linked to ethnicity, language, or names. Refugees reported facing disadvantages in particular when searching for housing (32%), applying for jobs (18%), and in the workplace (14%). Those working in eastern Germany reported more discrimination than those in the west. Refugee men in the east were more likely to face obstacles in finding both housing and employment, highlighting persistent regional divides.
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