After France's colonization in the 19th century, New Caledonia officially became a French overseas territory in 1946. Tensions rose on the island from the 1970s due to conflicts between Paris and Kanak independence movements.
Under the terms of the 1998 Noumea Accord, voting in provincial elections was restricted to pre-1998 residents and their children, aimed at giving greater representation to Kanaks. Paris later deemed this undemocratic.
Police shot dead a 48-year-old man in New Caledonia after being attacked by a group of around 15 people, following French President Macron's visit. This incident adds to a death toll of seven in just 12 days.
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