In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland, sparking WWII. Over 70 countries participated in the 6-year conflict, culminating in Japan's surrender in 1945 with 35 to 60 million casualties, mainly civilians.
Germany and Russia mobilized significant troop numbers in WWII, with the United States also playing a major role by mobilizing 16.4 million troops. Russia, suffering the highest casualties, sent 34.7 million troops, notably during Operation Barbarossa in the Eastern Front.
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