The UN Environment Programme (UNEP)'s annual Emissions Gap report, published on Monday, assesses countries' promises to tackle climate change against the action needed.
At that level of warming, scientists predict the world could pass several catastrophic points of no return, from the runaway melting of ice sheets to the Amazon rainforest drying out, and leave vast swathes of the planet essentially uninhabitable for humans.
The 2015 Paris Agreement saw countries agree to cap global warming at well below 2C (3.6F) above preindustrial times with a safer limit of 1.5C (2.7F) if possible. Nearly 1.2C (2.2F) of global heating so far has already unleashed an escalating wave of deadly hazards from intensifying hurricanes to floods and deadly heatwaves across the planet.
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