In essence, virtualization creates isolated environments called virtual machines, allowing programs to run on different operating systems without knowing they're in a separate hardware context.
The two driving reasons for virtualization are enhanced security, as virtual machines prevent programs from interfering with each other, and effective resource management, allowing dynamic allocation of server resources.
While virtualization and emulation are conceptually similar, virtualization generally refers to scenarios where the guest OS and host OS share the same CPU architecture, providing performance efficiencies.
Modern CPUs often include extensions that facilitate virtualization, enabling virtual machines to operate at speeds comparable to non-virtualized systems when both guest and host share the same architecture.
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