Marineland's inadequate facilities led to the animals being kept in cramped conditions with limited access to water, raising significant animal welfare concerns.
Crown attorney Danielle Meuleman stated that the fine was appropriate due to the bears being held in inadequate social and psychological conditions for a prolonged period.
The $45,000 fine reflects Marineland's failure to comply with an order to improve the bears' living conditions, emphasized by the joint submission accepted in court.
Marineland's defense argued that the charge was for non-compliance with regulations, not directly for animal cruelty, highlighting the legal complexities in such cases.
Collection
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