Beginning in 1950, almost exactly at the same time that Turing's Mind paper appeared, there was an explosion in von Neumann/Turing style computer hardware. This was the dawn of programming languages such as IPL, which facilitated the creation of the first genuine AIs. The authors Newell, Shaw, and Simon adapted IPL to demonstrate that complex theorems could be proven computationally, showcasing AI's potential to perform tasks once requiring human intellect.
IPL was first utilized to demonstrate that the theorems in Principia Mathematica which were proven laboriously by hand by Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead, could in fact be proven by computation. According to Simon's autobiography Models of My Life, this application was originally developed first by hand simulation, using his children as the computing elements, holding up note cards as the registers which contained the state variables of the program.
Shaw, Newell, and Simon utilized IPL to implement several early artificial intelligence programs including the Logic Theorist (1956) and the General Problem Solver (1957). These early works marked a significant milestone in artificial intelligence history, showcasing how computational methods could replicate complex reasoning processes that were traditionally thought to be exclusive to human intelligence.
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