Panpsychism posits consciousness as a fundamental property of all matter, yet its claims about science, metaphysics, and empirical engagement face substantive critique.
Why There Is Something Instead of Nothing May Be All About Perspective
Claiming the quantum vacuum disproves 'nothing' commits a category error: quantum fluctuations are something, so the philosophical question remains unanswered.
Ilgin Aksoy defends a unified mereological ontology of powers in Spinoza, arguing substance as whole with dependent parts and studies related modal and epistemological issues.
Radical conservatives challenge liberal democratic ideals, advocating for a metaphysical framework that questions Enlightenment values in the face of global geopolitical shifts.
