The Viking Age is undergoing a revisionist transformation | Aeon Essays
Briefly

In the 840s, Ibn Khurradādhbih, an Abbasid official in western Iran, compiled intelligence on trade routes, particularly focusing on the Rus' who traveled from Slavic lands to the Mediterranean. His report, part of the 'Book of Itineraries and Kingdoms', detailed the goods they sold and the duties incurred while traveling, showcasing the commercial exchanges and geopolitical landscape of the era. Through his observations, Ibn Khurradādhbih contributed significant knowledge about the economic interactions between the Byzantine Empire, the Khazars, and the Rus'.
The Rūs ... journey from the farthest reaches of the land of the Slavs to the eastern Mediterranean and there sell beaver and black fox pelts, as well as swords.
On their return they go by sea to Samkarsh [Taman], the city of the Jews, and from there make their way back to Slavic territory.
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