The problem of the external world in epistemology challenges the existence of entities beyond oneself and the existence of other minds. Descartes aimed to establish a foundation for knowledge by doubting beliefs until reaching an indubitable one. His certainty of existence led him to address the existence of the external world and other minds through the proof of God. Descartes' reasoning centers on the idea that the cause of a belief must have equal reality as the belief itself, reflecting the principle that nothing arises from nothing.
Descartes offers a well-known solution to the problems of the external world and other minds by inferring that the cause of a belief must possess as much reality as the belief itself.
In his Meditations, Descartes undertakes a method of doubt to find a belief that is certain and indubitable, positing his own existence as that foundation.
Descartes attempts to confirm the existence of another mind by proving the existence of God, thus addressing both the external world and other minds in a limited manner.
The assertion that something cannot arise from nothing underpins Descartes' reasoning, suggesting that the truth of beliefs must be grounded in equally substantial causes.
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