"。。。楊朱、墨翟之言盈天下。天下之言，不歸楊，則歸墨。楊氏為我，是無君也；墨氏兼愛，是無父也。無父無君，是禽獸也. ...the doctrines of Yang Zhu and Mozi fill the world. If a doctrine does not lean toward Yang, then it leans toward Mozi. Yang Zhu is 'for oneself.' This is to not have a ruler. Mozi is 'impartial caring.' This is to not have a father. To not have a father and to not have a ruler is to be an animal."
"[Yi Zhi was trying to pay a visit to Mencius and Mencius remarked to his student:] "...I have heard that Yi Zhi is a Mohist. In dealing with funerals, Mozi took frugality as the Way. Yi Zhi surely does not long to change the world to something that he thinks is wrong and base! Nonetheless, Yi Zhi buried his parents lavishly, so he served his parents by means of what he demeans.""
One objection contends that strict impartial caring erases distinct roles such as father and ruler, thereby undermining filial obligation and political authority and rendering humans akin to animals. Another objection highlights that caring originates in differentiated, rooted affections beginning with parents, so uniform impartiality neglects the moral importance of familial bonds. The Mohist emphasis on frugality and universal concern can conflict with concrete filial practices, producing a tension between doctrinal impartiality and naturally partial human affections. The debate raises whether ethics should be abstractly rational or grounded in human nature and relational origins of moral motivation.
Read at Warpweftandway
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