"Nyaya Philosophy, one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy ( Shad-Darshanas), is known for its systematic approach to logic and epistemology. Rooted in the idea that correct knowledge (pramā) is key to liberation (moksha), Nyaya provides a structured method of reasoning and critical thinking to uncover the truth. The sage Gautama (also known as Akṣapāda) was the founder of Nyaya philosophy. He contributed significantly to the development of logical reasoning in Indian intellectual traditions around the 2nd century BCE."
"The Nyaya school derives its basic teachings from the Nyaya Sutras of Gautama (Akṣapāda). The term Nyaya means "rule" or "method," signifying the school's focus on a structured method of inquiry. Nyaya also means Justice, indicating the conclusion is arrived at after considering all points in favour and against. The Nyaya Sutras are written as aphorisms ( sutras) and provide a systematic exposition of logical reasoning, epistemology, and metaphysics. The Sutras are similar to the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali and the Sankhya Sutra of Kapila."
Nyaya is one of six classical Indian philosophical schools emphasizing systematic logic and epistemology, grounding liberation (moksha) in correct knowledge (pramā). Gautama (Akṣapāda) founded Nyaya and formalized principles of reasoning around the 2nd century BCE. The Nyaya Sutras present aphoristic, systematic exposition of logical reasoning, epistemology, and metaphysics, and the term Nyaya denotes 'rule' or 'method' and connotes justice in weighing arguments. The Sutras resemble other sutra texts like the Yoga Sutra and Sankhya Sutra. The Nyaya corpus is organized into five books (adhyayas) with two sections each. Some scholars view Gautama and contemporaries as codifiers of preexisting traditions.
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