"Pakistan's navy on December 17 launched its fourth Hangor-class submarine, the PNS Ghazi, at the Wuchang Shipbuilding Industry Group's Shuangliu Base in Wuhan, marking the completion of construction for all four China-built boats in a landmark eight-submarine program. Under a 2015 defense contract valued at roughly $5 billion with China Shipbuilding & Offshore International Company, Pakistan is acquiring eight advanced Hangor-class diesel-electric attack submarines to modernize its undersea warfare capabilities and replace its aging Agosta 90B fleet."
"The Hangor program represents one of the largest and most sophisticated foreign military procurements in Pakistan's history, reflecting deepening China-Pakistan defense cooperation that spans fighter jets, missile systems, and nuclear energy projects. Four vessels, including the PNS Ghazi, were constructed at Wuchang; the remaining four are being built domestically at Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works under a comprehensive technology transfer arrangement, with deliveries planned through 2028 despite earlier delays related to foreign engine supply issues."
Pakistan launched the fourth Hangor-class submarine, PNS Ghazi, completing construction of the four China-built boats under an eight-submarine, roughly $5 billion contract signed in 2015. The program replaces aging Agosta 90B submarines and includes domestic construction of four additional vessels at Karachi Shipyard under a technology transfer, with deliveries scheduled through 2028 despite earlier engine-supply delays. The 2,800-ton, Type 039A-derived submarines have air-independent propulsion for extended submerged endurance, six 533 mm torpedo tubes for heavyweight torpedoes and missiles, and compatibility with the nuclear-capable Babur-3 SL cruise missile, enhancing Pakistan's undersea deterrent and A2/AD posture in regional waters.
Read at RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
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