"China's trade surplus jumped 20% to $1.19 trillion in 2025, marking the world's largest ever, as shipments surged to the European Union, Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia. Exports climbed 5.5% and accounted for a third of economic growth in 2025, the highest level since 1997. Imports were virtually flat, reflecting weak domestic demand and Beijing's push to become more self-sufficient."
"The record trade surplus helped GDP grow 5% last year, matching the government's target, but the headline figure contrasted with mounting signs of broad weakness. Growth actually slowed toward the end of the year, with GDP up 4.5% in the fourth quarter on an annual basis versus a 4.8% gain in the third quarter. Retail sales in December inched up just 0.9%, down from 2.9% growth in October and 6.4% in May."
China's export surge produced a record $1.19 trillion trade surplus in 2025, driven by shipments to the EU, Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia. Exports rose 5.5%, contributing one-third of GDP growth and helping GDP expand 5% last year, matching the government's target. Domestic demand remained weak as imports were flat, retail sales slowed, and fixed-asset investment plunged, recording its first annual drop in nearly three decades. Property investment fell 17.2% amid a real estate crash, offsetting high-tech spending. Rating agencies predict growth will cool in 2026 due to constrained demand, deflationary pressures, and local-government debt burdens.
Read at Fortune
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