"Before we can use a web server, we need to learn more about URLs so that we better understand how everything works. With web browsers, we use addresses to tell them where to go that look like this: https://exploringjs.com/js/ Such addresses are called URLs - Universal Resource Locators. We may think of them as addresses for web sites but they are addresses for resources (most commonly files): If we go to a website, the browser downloads an HTML file and displays it."
"Simple URLs have the following parts: What roles do these parts play? The host tells the browser which server on the internet to go to. "Server" is just another word for "computer that we can reach via the internet". The protocol tells the browser how to talk to to that server. The protocols used by the World-Wide Web are HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure). The pathname tells the browser where the file is located that it should display."
A URL (Universal Resource Locator) is an address for web resources, most commonly files. A browser uses a URL to download and display an HTML file. A URL contains a protocol, a host, and a pathname. The host identifies which server on the internet the browser should contact; a server is simply a computer reachable via the internet. The protocol specifies how the browser communicates with that server, typically HTTP or HTTPS. The pathname indicates where the requested file resides on that server. When a pathname points to a directory, it commonly abbreviates the file index.html in that directory, so https://exploringjs.com/js/ and https://exploringjs.com/js/index.html refer to the same file. Opening a local file uses a file: URL.
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