"The Python standard library provides the asyncio module to facilitate writing high-performance concurrent code. By leveraging async/await syntax, it provides a high level API for creating and managing event loops, coroutines, tasks, and performing asynchronous I/O operations. It is used as a foundation for Python asynchronous frameworks that provide high-performance network and web-servers, database connection libraries, distributed task queues, etc. Multiple libraries and frameworks, such as FastAPI and aiohttp, are built on top of asyncio."
"The Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) is a global mutex that protects access to Python objects, preventing multiple threads from executing Python code at once. This means that even though you can have multiple threads in a Python program, only one thread can execute Python code at a time. asyncio uses an event loop as a scheduler to enable highly efficient I/O-bound concurrency by switching between tasks during non-blocking I/O operations."
Python 3.14 includes changes to enable asyncio to scale on CPython's free-threaded build. The asyncio module provides async/await-based APIs for creating and managing event loops, coroutines, tasks, and asynchronous I/O operations. Asyncio underpins high-performance frameworks and libraries such as FastAPI and aiohttp. The Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) is a global mutex that prevents multiple threads from executing Python code simultaneously, limiting parallelism. Asyncio relies on one event loop per thread and platform-specific I/O (epoll, kqueue, IOCP). CPU-bound work is often offloaded to threads, but GIL contention among threads reduces true parallel execution and can degrade performance.
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