A practitioner's primer on deterministic application modernization
Briefly

A practitioner's primer on deterministic application modernization
"Large organizations rarely have just a handful of applications. They have thousands, often representing billions of lines of code. These code bases span decades of frameworks, libraries, and shifting best practices. The result: outdated APIs, inconsistent conventions, and vulnerabilities that put delivery and security at risk. Manual refactoring doesn't scale in this environment. OpenRewrite was created to solve this. OpenRewrite is an open-source automated refactoring framework that enables safe, deterministic modernization for developers."
"Most automated refactoring tools work with basic text patterns or Abstract Syntax Trees (ASTs). ASTs are the backbone of compilers, but they're not designed for modernization. They strip out comments, whitespace, and formatting, and they don't resolve method overloads, generics, or dependencies across classpaths. They give you what the code says, not what it means. This leads to problems: missing context, broken or missing formatting, and incorrect assumptions about what code actually means."
Large organizations often maintain thousands of applications and billions of lines of code across decades of frameworks, libraries, and shifting best practices, producing outdated APIs, inconsistent conventions, and security risks. Manual refactoring cannot scale to address this complexity. OpenRewrite provides an open-source automated refactoring framework that enables safe, deterministic modernization through two pillars: Lossless Semantic Trees and Recipes. Lossless Semantic Trees offer a compiler-accurate, rich, lossless representation of source code that preserves formatting and resolves overloads, generics, and classpath dependencies. Recipes are modular, deterministic transformation programs. Together they enable precise, repeatable, auditable, and scalable modernization.
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