Where on the moon NASA places its nuclear reactor isn't simple

"In a bold, strategic move for the U.S., acting NASA Administrator Sean Duffy announced plans on August 5 to build a nuclear fission reactor for deployment on the lunar surface in 2030. Doing so would allow the United States to gain a foothold on the moon by the time China plans to land the first taikonaut, what China calls its astronauts, there by 2030. Apart from the geopolitical importance, there are other reasons why this move is critically important."

"A source of nuclear energy will be necessary for visiting Mars, because solar energy is weaker there. It could also help establish a lunar base and potentially even a permanent human presence on the moon, as it delivers consistent power through the cold lunar night. As humans travel out into the solar system, learning to use the local resources is critical for sustaining life off Earth, starting at the nearby moon."

Acting NASA Administrator Sean Duffy announced plans to build a nuclear fission reactor for deployment on the lunar surface in 2030. The reactor aims to give the United States a foothold on the moon concurrent with China’s planned crewed landing. A lunar fission reactor would provide continuous power through the cold lunar night, support a lunar base and potential permanent human presence, and offer the stronger energy source needed for Mars missions. The reactor will be prioritized to extract and refine lunar resources, reducing material lifted from Earth. Two operational priorities are optimal placement and protection from regolith plumes during landings.

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