"The generation of coherent extreme ultraviolet and X-ray photons by high harmonic generation from solid targets relies on the formation of a steep electron density gradient tuned by the leading edge of a relativistically intense laser pulse interacting with a bulk, solid-density target."
"The conversion efficiency must decay sufficiently slowly for many harmonic orders to be of comparable intensity in the coherent high-frequency field, allowing for substantial contributions to the ultimate field strength."
High harmonic generation from solid targets relies on a steep electron density gradient formed by a relativistically intense laser pulse. This gradient must be short compared to the laser wavelength for efficient electromagnetic coupling. Three core ingredients are necessary: shorter wavelengths for smaller focal areas, stable relative phase between harmonics for attosecond intensity spikes, and a slow decay in conversion efficiency to ensure comparable intensity across many harmonic orders. Meeting these conditions allows for substantial contributions to the ultimate field strength.
#high-harmonic-generation #extreme-ultraviolet #x-ray-photons #relativistic-laser #electron-density-gradient
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