Gaza has recorded a surge of suspected Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) cases since June, with 85 suspected cases and eight associated deaths reported by the World Health Organization. GBS occurs when the immune system attacks the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, exposing nerve fibres and causing nerve damage that can lead to paralysis. GBS often follows viral or bacterial infections; Campylobacter jejuni and enteroviruses have been detected in many Gaza lab samples. The destruction of sewage infrastructure and contaminated drinking water are driving infections. An ongoing blockade limits delivery of medicine and food, worsening public-health outcomes.
GBS is a condition where the body's immune system attacks the myelin sheath, which protects the peripheral nerves. This exposes the nerve fibre and causes nerve damage. Peripheral nerves branch out from the brain and spinal cord to all parts of the body, such as the skin, muscles and organs. GBS is a very rare condition, affecting about 100,000 people worldwide every year, according to the Cleveland Clinic's website.
The exact cause of GBS is unknown, but it usually affects people who have suffered from a viral or bacterial infection such as the flu, Epstein-Barr virus or Zika virus. The WHO says a gastrointestinal infection caused by the Campylobacter jejuni bacteria is one of the most common risk factors for GBS. Campylobacter jejuni is commonly found in animal faeces.
Most lab testing samples in Gaza have been positive for Campylobacter jejuni, said Dr Ahmed al-Farra, head of paediatrics at Nasser Medical Complex in Khan Younis, The Independent reported on Saturday. Al-Farra said samples also came back positive for enterovirus, a group of viruses which typically spread to humans through contaminated water and cause fevers, body aches, sore throats, and rashes.
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