"There are three general classifications of abnormal behavior: (1) Neuroses, which have been traditionally characterized by anxiety and/or depression and other bothersome symptoms. People with neuroses are generally unhappy and distort reality, but not to the extent that they are out of contact with reality; (2) Psychoses, which are characterized by hallucinations (most typically hearing voices or seeing things that are not real) and delusions (false beliefs)."
"People with psychoses profoundly distort reality, although their contact with reality may wax and wane; and (3) Personality disorders, which cause difficulties in relationships, schooling/ education, and keeping a job. Interestingly, people with personality disorders are often egosyntonic for their behavior - that is, they most often are not bothered by or are aware of their negative effect upon others. This abnormal behavior category has the diagnostic label disorder because it so often causes other problems for the people who interact with the person with a personality disorder."
Three general classifications of abnormal behavior are neuroses, psychoses, and personality disorders. Neuroses involve anxiety, depression, and other bothersome symptoms with distorted but not lost contact with reality. Psychoses involve hallucinations and delusions with profound reality distortion and fluctuating contact with reality. Personality disorders cause ongoing difficulties in relationships, schooling, and employment, and individuals with them are often egosyntonic—unbothered by and unaware of their negative effects on others. Personality disorders frequently combine antisocial, narcissistic, paranoid, and sadistic traits and provide a useful framework for understanding dictators, autocrats, and bullies. The category has long-standing historical recognition.
Read at Psychology Today
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