"The Duke transmitted his opponent's moves using toe switches in his shoes, while Reitzen, in his hotel suite, would send the computer's reply to a buzzer in the Duke's trousers."
"Inside Chess splashed the story on its front cover in 1993, calling it the Von Neumann Affair and issuing a warning: If computers become strong enough to be of genuine assistance to top players then watch out!"
In 1993, a mysterious player named John von Neumann participated in the World Open, drawing with grandmaster Helgi Olafsson. Suspicion arose when he lost on time after nine moves despite having ample time. Investigations revealed that von Neumann was actually John The Duke Wayne, a former US marine, who collaborated with mathematician Rob Reitzen to cheat using technology. They transmitted moves through toe switches and buzzers, but the system was flawed. The incident became known as the Von Neumann Affair, raising concerns about technology's impact on chess.
Read at www.theguardian.com
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