The article discusses the extensive research conducted on the Andromeda galaxy, particularly through observations made by the Hubble Space Telescope. The Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury project, completed in 2015, utilized 394 hours of observation to image over 100 million stars. In 2025, a massive 2.5 gigapixel image was completed, showcasing over 200 million stars. This study provided crucial insights into the galaxy's structure, revealing locations of dust lanes, star clusters, and the distribution of younger and older stars, contributing significantly to our understanding of galactic evolution.
We've learned, from apparent star color, where Andromeda's dust lanes are. We've spotted newborn star clusters: evidence of modern-day star-formation.
Over 200 million stars are found inside this 2.5 gigapixel image, composed from ~600 separate observations. We've learned Andromeda's tilt: just 13° away from being perfectly edge-on.
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