An investigation into the April blackout affecting Spain and Portugal's Iberian grid identified a series of compounding factors that led to the failure. The grid faced voltage fluctuations and oscillations for days before the incident. Attempts to correct minor instabilities ultimately worsened the situation, which was marked by unusually low stabilizing power plants and inadequate responses from those available. Further inquiries found no signs of cyberattacks. The formal report provides a detailed timeline of the events and analysis of the mismanagement that led to the cascading outage.
The investigation revealed that a series of smaller problems in the Iberian grid escalated, culminating in a blackout due to poor management and instability measures.
Significant voltage fluctuations prompted the blackout, as inappropriate responses by the Spanish grid operator exacerbated already unstable conditions across the network.
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