"Abū Nuwās's poetry is sheer joy: it never fails to delight, surprise, and excite. His diwan, his collected poems, encompasses the principal early Abbasid poetic genres: panegyrics ( madīḥ), renunciant poems ( zuhdiyyāt), lampoons ( hijāʾ), hunting poems ( ṭardiyyāt), wine poems ( khamriyyāt), love poems ( ghazaliyyāt) to males ( mudhakkarāt) and females ( muʾannathāt), and transgressive verse ( mujūn)."
"What is most striking in his poetry is its apparent effortlessness and the naturalness of its Arabic, despite the deployment of the full panoply of the new rhetorical style known as the badīʿ. Abū Nuwās represented the poetic trend the critics termed muḥdath, which means both "modern" and "modernist." The ease with which he celebrates the accepted features of the pre-Islamic and Umayyad corpus, often inverting and subverting them,"
Abū Nuwās's poetry spans major early Abbasid genres including panegyrics, renunciant poems, lampoons, hunting poems, wine poems, love poems to males and females, and transgressive verse. His language appears effortless and natural while employing the full range of the badīʿ rhetorical style. Critics labeled the trend muḥdath, meaning both 'modern' and 'modernist.' He both celebrates and subverts pre-Islamic and Umayyad traditions, innovating within individual verses and poem structures. The hunting poems focus on dogs, cheetahs, and birds of prey and illuminate the pastime's cultural prominence during the Abbasid caliphate.
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