"The nation's Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) said in a notification on its website that institutions should focus on investigating papers that are retracted in international science journals as a result of misconduct. The results of those investigations will be publicized to enhance deterrence. Institutions will face serious penalties if they conceal or tolerate wrongdoing by their researchers, the note states, although it does not reveal what those penalties might be."
"In 2023, Hindawi, a subsidiary of the publisher Wiley, issued more than 9,600 retractions, of which about 8,200 had a co-author in China. In 2024, the government did the first nationwide audit of retracted papers, asking universities to clarify why papers had been retracted and to investigate cases of misconduct. In the wake of this, MOST set up a national database to record serious cases of misconduct that authorities can use when considering scientists' eligibility for funding, major projects and talent programmes."
China's Ministry of Science and Technology will hold universities accountable for failing to investigate or sanction researchers involved in serious research misconduct. Institutions must investigate papers retracted from international journals for misconduct and publicize investigation results to strengthen deterrence. Concealment or tolerance of wrongdoing will trigger serious, unspecified penalties. A national database now records serious misconduct for use in funding, project, talent-programme, academy-election and award eligibility decisions. Large numbers of retractions in recent years and a 2024 nationwide audit prompted increased institutional scrutiny and steps to reinforce research-integrity governance.
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