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Chlorine and bromine compounds catalytically destroy stratospheric ozone, with chlorofluoromethanes identified as a major sink. Atmospheric bromine chemistry contributes to ozone loss, and synergistic interactions between chlorine and bromine drove large Antarctic stratospheric ozone reductions. Observations have detected bromine monoxide (BrO) in tropical and Arctic regions and quantified reactive iodine compounds in the stratosphere. Halocarbons, including chloroform and bromoform, supply halogens to the upper atmosphere. Explosive volcanic eruptions can inject gases into the stratosphere, influencing halogen budgets. Short-lived bromine-containing halogens are recognized as contributors to stratospheric ozone depletion.
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