"Recent developments in Norway, Denmark, and the United Kingdom have drawn attention to potential cybersecurity vulnerabilities in connected electric buses. Tests conducted by Ruter in Norway highlighted how Over-The-Air (OTA) software updates and connectivity modules could, in theory, provide external access to vehicle systems. Such technology is being implemented in new generation buses: the new Mercedes eIntouro for instance (Daimler Buses enthusiastically stressed in late 2024 as being the " first bus manufacturer in Europe to present a bus that is compatible with over-the-air updates ")."
"Software updates are transmitted to the vehicle via the mobile network and the system is updated without a workshop visit being required as previously. If an update is available, the fleet manager receives a message and can then release individual vehicles for the update. In all cases, installation only takes place when the vehicle is stationary, the parking brake is applied and drive‑ready state is switched off."
Recent tests in Norway showed Over-The-Air (OTA) software updates and connectivity modules could, in theory, provide external access to vehicle systems. Connected electric buses with OTA capability are being introduced, such as the new Mercedes eIntouro and models from Yutong. The Ruter tests prompted manufacturer clarifications and drew attention in Norway, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. Norway, though not an EU member, is a contracting party to the 1958 UNECE Agreement and can apply UNECE regulations including R155 and R156. OTA updates transmit software via mobile networks and install only when vehicles are stationary and secured. The developments underline the need for harmonized vehicle cybersecurity rules and safeguards.
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