"On a cold February day in 1996, hundreds of chess fans filed into the Pennsylvania Convention Center in Philadelphia. They clutched scorecards and stared at a giant video screen. In the next room sat Garry Kasparov, world chess champion for 11 years running. Across from him: a human surrogate playing on behalf of a supercomputer that IBM called Deep Blue. It was designed to test the limits of artificial intelligence, and could calculate about 100 million chess moves a second."
"Computer programs had been capable of beating a human in standard chess since the 1960s, but in 1996 most experts including chess grandmaster Michael Rohde still thought a champion's mind had the advantage over Deep Blue. "When it's trying to make a decision it can see all the possibilities, but it's very hard for it to evaluate whether one position is slightly better than another," Rohde told NPR. "And that's where humans still have a big edge.""
On a cold February day in 1996 hundreds of chess fans gathered at the Pennsylvania Convention Center to watch Garry Kasparov face IBM's Deep Blue, a supercomputer that could calculate about 100 million chess moves a second. Deep Blue had been trained on every game Kasparov had ever played and did not tire or become distracted. Many experts still believed a champion's mind had an evaluation advantage. During one game Kasparov miscalculated and Deep Blue delivered checkmate, marking the first regulation-game victory of a computer over a world champion. Spectators and developers reacted excitedly. Kasparov subsequently won the match by winning three games and drawing two.
Read at www.npr.org
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