Agricultural insecticides, particularly neonicotinoids, had the biggest impact on the size and diversity of butterfly populations in the Midwest during the study period.
The unintended consequences of effective insecticides like neonicotinoids have harmed non-target species such as butterflies, impacting biodiversity and food chains.
Research suggests that declines in insect populations, particularly butterflies, have direct repercussions on bird populations as insects serve as a critical food source.
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