The article discusses Karl Lashley's groundbreaking experiments in the 1920s, which explored the localization of memory and learning in the brain. Lashley trained rats to navigate mazes and observed their ability to retain learned behaviors even after damaging various parts of the outer cortex. Contrary to his expectations, he found that memory retention did not depend on specific brain locations, leading him to theorize that memory is distributed rather than localized. This challenged existing beliefs about the structures responsible for learning and memory in the brain.
Lashley discovered that damage to different areas of the outer cortex did not significantly affect the rat's ability to remember how to navigate the maze.
Despite damaging specific areas believed to govern memory, the rat still exhibited learned behavior, challenging prior assumptions about memory localization in the brain.
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