Sex and gender shape health, interacting with race, age, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation. Men face higher disease burden leading to premature death, while women suffer pathologies affecting quality of life like lower back pain, depression, and anxiety.
Research emphasizes the urgent need for age- and sex-based health policies due to significant health outcome divergences between men and women. Little progress has been made in reducing these differences between 1990 and 2021.
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