The CSS contain property
Briefly

The CSS 'contain' property optimizes browser performance by isolating elements, ensuring that changes within a contained element do not affect the overall page, thus enhancing rendering efficiency.
CSS containment allows for relative styling, meaning elements can be styled in comparison to their parent or viewport sizes, significantly expanding the styling capabilities within contained elements.
Size containment restricts an element's size from being affected by its children or descendants, allowing for fixed sizing, though this method is less commonly utilized in modern responsive design.
The W3C standard for CSS containment includes various specifications beyond the contain property itself, indicating ongoing developments in how elements can be managed and styled.
Read at Frontendmasters
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