Women typically earned 82 cents for every dollar earned by men in 2022, barely improving from 80 cents in 2002. The motherhood penalty and fatherhood premium contribute significantly to the persistent gap.
Research shows that women globally face challenges in recovering financially after childbirth compared to men. The size of the parenthood pay gap varies across countries, with cultural norms playing a significant role.
Contrary to expectations, family policy does not have a substantial impact on the parenthood pay gap. Instead, cultural attitudes and societal norms heavily influence the magnitude of the motherhood penalty.
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