#diabetes

#diabetes

Across the nation, an estimated 20 million people; 7 percent of the US population have diabetes. As many as 40 million more teeter on the edge of the illness and are classified as pre-diabetic meaning they have insulin resistance and higher-than-normal blood sugar levels that indicate they're heading toward diabetes. But even for pre-diabetics, the disease isn't inevitable: Weight loss, a healthy diet, and consistent exercise can significantly cut the risk of developing diabetes.

Over the past 20 years, there has been a 67% rise in diabetes cases in Turkey, meaning that overall prevalence has almost doubled, to more than 16% of the population. The International Diabetes Federation now lists Turkey as the country with the highest diabetes prevalence in the European region. According to data from the World Health Organization's (WHO)Global Health Observatory, the age-standardized prevalence of diabetes in Turkey in 2022 was 16.6% of the adult population (aged over 18): 16% of men and 17.1% of women.

Roughly there's about 300,000 people living with diabetes in Ireland and 90% of that is type two diabetes. And about 10% will be type one. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system destroys insulin-producing cells, leading to a complete lack of insulin, while Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, where the body doesn't use insulin effectively, and the pancreas doesn't make enough insulin to compensate.

Erythritol, a sugar substitute found in products marketed for diabetics, may increase the risk of stroke and heart attack due to its harmful effects on brain cells.

The results could lead to better prevention, diagnoses and treatment of prediabetes, diabetes and other metabolic diseases that lower quality of life and raise health care costs.

The study found that those who had been taking semaglutide or lixisenatide for at least six months had twice the risk of developing macular degeneration.

"They're naughty, in a sense, because we digest them rapidly and that creates a fast rise in blood sugar," says nutritionist Mindy Patterson, at Texas Woman's University in Houston.

The Ax-4 mission will test Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGMs) and insulin stability in microgravity, potentially allowing insulin-dependent diabetes patients to participate in spaceflight.

The study found that, in people with prediabetes, metformin lowered the risk of diabetes by roughly a third; the life-style intervention cut the risk by more than half.