Whether or not Trump invades Greenland, this much is clear: the western order we once knew is history | Timothy Garton Ash

"Donald Trump is threatening to take over Greenland, the territory of a Nato ally, possibly by military force, as Vladimir Putin is trying to take over Ukraine. Even if he doesn't actually do it, this is a new era: a post-western world of illiberal international disorder. The task now for liberal democracies in general, and Europe in particular, is twofold: to see this world as it is and to work out what the hell we're going to do about it."

"It was conducted last November in 21 countries for the European Council on Foreign Relations, in partnership with our Europe in a Changing World research project at the University of Oxford (and do please read the full report, which I have written with Ivan Krastev and Mark Leonard). This is the fourth in a series of polls we've done every year since Putin's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, so we can see how things have evolved from very bad then to critical now."

"Back in 2022, we found a transatlantic west united in outrage at the full-scale invasion of Ukraine but divided from other great and middle powers, such as China, India and Turkey, who were quite happy to go on doing business as usual with Russia. The Russian economy was surviving unprecedented western sanctions because those other states now had sufficient wealth and power between them to counterbalance even a united west. So this was already a post-western world, but still with a west acting in it."

Donald Trump is threatening Greenland, a Nato-ally territory, possibly by military force, while Vladimir Putin is attempting to take over Ukraine. A new era of illiberal international disorder has emerged: a post-western world lacking coherent Western geopolitical leadership. Liberal democracies and Europe face a twofold task: recognize the geopolitical reality and determine an effective collective response. A global public-opinion poll conducted in November across 21 countries for the European Council on Foreign Relations and Oxford's research project provides comparative data. Polling since Putin's 2022 full-scale invasion shows evolution from united transatlantic outrage to a more critical strategic environment. Other great and middle powers continued business with Russia, helping its economy survive Western sanctions.

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