"We have already discussed in the previous two articles about file and folder permissions along with special permissions that are supported in linux. The permissions are effective for many scenarios. But what happens when you need more granularity? How do you grant write access to a file to just one specific user who isn't the owner and isn't in the owning group? How do you allow two different groups read access, but only one of them write access?"
"How do you allow two different groups read access, but only one of them write access? How do you ensure files created in a shared directory automatically get specific permissions for a certain team? Trying to juggle group memberships for these cases quickly becomes a nightmare. This is where Access Control Lists (ACLs) come in. They provide a more flexible, fine-grained permission mechanism that extends the traditional ugo/rwx model."
Traditional Linux file and folder permissions (user/group/other plus special bits) handle many scenarios but can lack sufficient granularity. Common needs include granting write access to a specific non-owner non-group user, giving two groups read access while only one has write, and ensuring files created in a shared directory inherit team-specific permissions. Relying solely on group membership for these cases becomes complex and error-prone. Access Control Lists (ACLs) extend the ugo/rwx model to allow per-user and per-group permissions and default ACLs for directories to automate permission inheritance for teams.
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