"The uprising failed due to factors such as the inability of factions like the radical Reds and the moderate Whites to assume effective leadership and the absence of a regular army - as in the November Uprising of 1830 - which forced most of the battles to be fought in the form of guerrilla warfare. The uprising resulted in the complete elimination of Poland as a political entity,"
"The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was partitioned and ultimately abolished by Austria, Prussia, and Russia in 1795. From that point onward, Poles engaged in numerous uprisings and wars in an effort to regain their independence and re-establish their state. During the Napoleonic Wars, they fought alongside Napoleon Bonaparte's armies under the command of Józef Poniatowski (1763-1813), advancing as far as Moscow. They once again took up arms during the November Uprising of 1830."
The January Uprising of 1863–1864 was a Polish insurrection against Tsarist Russia that was suppressed by October 1864, removing the Kingdom of Poland's limited autonomy. The uprising lacked unified leadership as radical Reds and moderate Whites failed to coordinate, and the absence of a regular army forced fighters into guerrilla warfare. The rebellion ended in the elimination of Poland as a political entity and mass exiles to Siberia without amnesty. The Polish struggle for statehood followed a history of partitions in 1795, participation in Napoleonic campaigns, the November Uprising of 1830, and involvement in the Revolutions of 1848.
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