Europe is making progress in designing its own new security architecture

"The nuclear issue is undeniably significant, even if it remains in an early stage and, for now, is without even a preliminary outline of what achievable goals might look like. But the formal opening of dialogue made with the clear premise that this is a project meant to complement the U.S. nuclear umbrella within NATO marks a profound shift. France's proposal to extend its nuclear shield to a European scale dates back decades,"

"Another sign of a changing era a kind of leitmotif of the Munich Security Conference is the renewed closeness the United Kingdom and the EU seem to be seeking. We are not the Britain of the Brexit years any more, Starmer said, earning applause. Because we know that in a dangerous world, we would not take control by turning inward, we would surrender it, and I won't let that happen."

The Munich Security Conference produced multiple signs that major European countries are willing to build new frameworks for cooperation in the defense sector, both in the conventional and nuclear sphere. Germany and France have started talks on extending France's nuclear umbrella, a dialogue framed as complementary to the U.S. nuclear umbrella within NATO and currently at an early stage without defined objectives. France's proposal has historical roots dating back to Charles de Gaulle, and Germany's engagement signals a changing era. EU and UK leaders expressed clear intent to deepen security and defense cooperation while preparing for adverse scenarios.

Read at english.elpais.com