"The South American country is the world's biggest producer of arabica, a mild variety of coffee bean. But as climate change makes it harder to grow those beans, some farmers are investing in robusta, which produces a more bitter bean but can tolerate higher temperatures and is more resistant to diseases. Brazil's traditional coffee growing regions, which largely produce arabica, have been beset by more intense and frequent droughts, and hotter temperatures."
"Arabica is still the country's main coffee export, but robusta production is now growing at a faster rate: by over 81% over the past 10 years, according to the United States Department of Agriculture, which tracks global coffee production. For Brazil, robusta provides an opportunity to remain the world's largest coffee supplier in the future even as the effects of climate change intensify."
Brazil is the world's largest producer of arabica but rising heat and more frequent intense droughts are making arabica cultivation harder. Many farmers are investing in robusta, a more bitter bean that tolerates higher temperatures and resists diseases. Robusta production has risen rapidly—over 81% in the past decade—and has grown faster than arabica in recent years, with robusta annual growth around 4.8% versus arabica's 2–2.5%. This year’s robusta harvest increased nearly 22%, reflecting both resilience to adverse weather and improved profitability. Producers are also using shade planting under native trees to mitigate higher temperatures.
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