"Russia and North Korea have a lopsided deal, with Moscow reaping far greater support for its war in Ukraine than the benefits received by Pyongyang, according to a study. Published by German think tank Friedrich Naumann Foundation on Thursday, Unequal Partnership reports that North Korea has delivered up to $9.8bn worth of weapons, as well as fighters, to Russia since 2023. Pyongyang's gains may amount to as little as an estimated $457m to $1.19bn."
"North Korea has shipped millions of artillery shells, rockets, and mortar rounds, and hundreds of artillery systems and launchers. The report also estimates that North Korean leader Kim Jong Un has supplied about 15,000 soldiers to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Moscow has provided only limited aid, consisting mainly of food, fuel, air defence systems, and possibly some fighter aircraft."
North Korea has delivered up to $9.8bn worth of weapons and fighters to Russia since 2023. Pyongyang's gains are estimated at $457m–$1.19bn. The relationship is asymmetric: North Korea shipped millions of artillery shells, rockets and mortar rounds, plus hundreds of artillery systems and launchers, and supplied about 15,000 soldiers to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Moscow provided limited aid such as food, fuel and air-defence systems. Financial flows show no substantial hard-currency inflows to North Korea and appear largely confined within the Russian banking system. Pyongyang's strategic returns include battlefield testing, potential technological know-how and increased political recognition; the partnership raises concerns for European security.
Read at www.aljazeera.com
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