Based on not much more than this evidence, dietary guidelines across the United States and across the world emphasized reducing fat in the diet.
One rigorous study, involving tens of thousands of individuals, found no significant reduction in breast cancer for those who reduced fat intake, contrary to earlier assumptions.
Subsequent studies showed specific types of dietary fats (trans and saturated fats) led to higher disease risks, while unsaturated fats did not, highlighting the importance of differentiating between types of fats.
Results of nutrition studies now focus on controlling for hidden confounding factors that contribute to disease risks, a key aspect that was overlooked in earlier research.
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