The placenta serves as the fetomaternal interface, ensuring nutrient and gas exchange while playing crucial roles in hormone production and immune modulation throughout gestation.
In mice, the embryo and placenta develop concurrently, originating from the post-implantation blastocyst's inner cell mass and adjacent polar trophectoderm cells, establishing essential structural foundations.
The labyrinth within the placenta is vital for fetomaternal exchange, composed mostly of syncytiotrophoblast cells with unique maternal sinuses and fetal vessels pivotal for nutrient transfer.
Key cellular lineages such as the ectoplacental cone and extraembryonic mesoderm contribute distinctly to the placenta's structure, influencing its functionality and developmental processes.
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